Turkey Tail

Trametes versicolor

The banded mushroom that grows on fallen wood, studied for its protein-bound polysaccharides.

Where Turkey Tail Comes From

Turkey Tail (Trametes versicolor) is one of the most common bracket fungi in the world, fruiting in overlapping, banded rosettes on dead and decaying hardwood across temperate forests in Asia, Europe, and North America. As a wood-decay fungus, it is cultivated commercially on hardwood substrates and sawdust, where the mycelium and fruiting bodies are grown, then dried and milled. THREEE uses organic Turkey Tail, sourced for the blend.

Common on the forest floor, and quietly one of the most studied mushrooms there is.

What the research explores

Phase 1 human trial in women after breast cancer treatment

In a dose-escalation Phase 1 trial of nine women who had completed radiotherapy, daily oral Trametes versicolor for six weeks was associated with trends toward increased lymphocyte counts and natural killer cell functional activity, and was well tolerated.

Torkelson et al., ISRN Oncology, 2012. PMID 22701186.

Cochrane systematic review in colorectal cancer

A Cochrane systematic review evaluating adjunctive Coriolus (Trametes) versicolor extract alongside cancer treatment found the evidence for reducing treatment-related adverse effects to be very low certainty, with low-certainty evidence suggesting a possible survival difference at five years.

Pilkington et al., Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2022. PMID 36445793.

Randomized trial on the gut microbiome of healthy volunteers

In a randomized clinical trial in healthy volunteers, polysaccharopeptide from Trametes versicolor produced microbiome shifts consistent with prebiotic activity, in contrast to the disruption seen with the antibiotic amoxicillin.

Pallav et al., Gut Microbes, 2014. PMID 25006989.

These studies describe the mushroom in research settings, not THREEE or its outcomes. They are provided for transparency and education. They have not been evaluated by the FDA. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Individual results vary.

What Organic Turkey Tail Brings to the Cup

Organic Turkey Tail is valued for its protein-bound polysaccharides, including the well-characterized compounds PSK (krestin) and PSP (polysaccharopeptide), along with beta-glucans. In THREEE, organic Turkey Tail is part of the disclosed mushroom blend that rounds out the foundation of each cup, contributing the polysaccharide profile this mushroom is traditionally known for.

The THREEE truth

Organic Turkey Tail is one of ten mushrooms in the fully disclosed 520mg organic mushroom blend in every cup of THREEE.

A short history

1600s-1700s
Turkey Tail (known in Chinese as Yun Zhi and in Japanese as Kawaratake) is recorded in East Asian traditional use.
1965
Researchers in Japan begin developing PSK (krestin) from the CM-101 strain of Trametes versicolor.
1977
PSK is approved in Japan as an adjuvant used alongside conventional cancer treatment.
2012
A Phase 1 trial of Trametes versicolor in women after breast cancer treatment is published in ISRN Oncology.
2022
A Cochrane systematic review assesses Coriolus (Trametes) versicolor in colorectal cancer care.

A closer look at one landmark study.

This two-center Phase 1 dose-escalation study set out to determine the maximum tolerated dose of oral Trametes versicolor in women who had recently completed radiotherapy for breast cancer. Eleven participants were enrolled and nine completed the six-week protocol at daily doses of 3, 6, or 9 grams. The investigators observed trends toward increased lymphocyte counts and natural killer cell functional activity, along with dose-related increases in CD8+ T cells and CD19+ B cells. The authors reported that Trametes versicolor was well tolerated and called for larger controlled trials.

Torkelson CJ, Sweet E, Martzen MR, Sasagawa M, Wenner CA, Gay J, Putiri A, Standish LJ. Phase 1 Clinical Trial of Trametes versicolor in Women with Breast Cancer. ISRN Oncol. 2012;2012:251632. doi:10.5402/2012/251632. PMID: 22701186.

One of ten. All in one cup.

Organic Turkey Tail is in the blend because it has earned a place there, not because it is rare. It is in every cup of THREEE, the same 520mg disclosed on the label, every time you brew one. Nothing to chase here, just what is already in the bag.

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These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.